Two hormones control bioluminescence in pygmy sharks, according to a study published online today (April 26) in The Journal of Experimental Biology. The sharks, which are about 8 inches in length, likely evolved their glowing stomachs as camouflage from predators. They swim hundreds of meters deep in the ocean while hunting jellyfish closer to the water’s surface. A lighter belly would help them blend into the light shining down on them from above by masking their otherwise obvious silhouette.
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