1. UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION AUTHORITY For amassing a trove of biometric identification to activate benefits for millions of Indians. The government office is using multimodal biometrics--fingerprints, iris scans, and photographs--to build the world's most ambitious identity database. A mammoth ecosystem of agencies deploys its open, scalable model, and the robust system can enroll the identities of a million people a day with 99.99% accuracy. It authenticates people over a mobile phone network using a one-time password or their fingerprints (illiteracy is a problem in India). In the process, it enables instant, paperless provisioning of banking services and welfare benefits to millions of Indians who lacked any identification until now. At last count, 450 million Indians had received their new IDs and used them to make 40 million cash transfers.
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